Types of Arthritis Disease

Osteoarthritis: 

Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis that develops slowly and most frequently during the middle and older ages. In this condition, the cartilage that cushions and shields the ends of the bones gradually wears away, causing osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis (OA) is also called as wear and tear arthritis. This condition results in discomfort and stiffness that gets worse over time, making it challenging to do daily tasks. 

Rheumatoid Arthritis:

 Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-lasting autoimmune disease that initially affects the joints in the body. It is the second-most common form of the arthritis condition. Rheumatoid arthritis arises if the person’s immune system cannot protect the body from diseases and infections. In this condition, the immune system attacks its tissues, finally resulting in symptoms such as swelling, pain, loss of joint function, and stiffness. 

Gouty arthritis: 

Gout is an inflammatory arthritis characterized by swelling and joint pain that lasts one to two weeks and then resolves. Gout flares commonly occur in the big toe or lower limb. Gouty arthritis is caused by high levels of serum uric acid deposits in the body (hyperuricemia). This serum uric acid deposits as needle-shaped crystals around the joint, resulting in inflammation and arthritis. Usually, this happens when the body produces too much uric acid. 

Juvenile arthritis (JA), or Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), or Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA):

Juvenile arthritis is a chronic type of arthritis that is commonly developed in children. Juvenile arthritis is associated with inflammation, resulting in joint pain, warmth, swelling, stiffness, and loss of motion. There are various forms of juvenile arthritis involving different patterns or features with inflammation of other parts besides the joints. It lasts for a limited time, usually a few months or years. However, in some cases, it may require lifelong treatment. 

Ankylosing spondylitis:

Ankylosing spondylitis is an arthritis condition accompanied by inflammation of the joints and ligaments in the spine. Ankylosing spondylitis may also affect the peripheral joints, such as the knees, hips, and ankles. Usually, the joints and ligaments of the spine play a key role in moving and bending. Individuals affected by ankylosing spondylitis might develop stiffness in joints and tissues. This condition might lead to vertebrae fusing in some complicated cases, resulting in a rigid and inflexible spine. 

Lupus (systemic lupus erythematosus): 

Lupus is a long-lasting disease affecting numerous body parts. This condition arises if the person’s immune system cannot protect the body from diseases and infections. In these circumstances, the immune system attacks its own tissues, resulting in inflammation and permanent tissue damage (in rare cases). This condition can also be widespread in the skin, joints, lungs, kidneys, heart, circulation, and brain. 

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA):

 It is an inflammatory condition that affects the joints, especially at the sites where the tendons and ligaments adhere to the bones. It is caused by an overactive immune system, which leads to pain and swelling. Psoriatic arthritis is usually developed in patients who already have psoriasis. 

Fibromyalgia: 

Fibromyalgia is a long-lasting disorder that primarily causes pain and tenderness all over the body. In addition to this, it also causes fatigue and trouble sleeping. There needs to be a clear understanding regarding this condition among researchers and scientists. There is no cure for fibromyalgia, but arthritis doctors might suggest a combination of exercises, movement therapies, psychological therapies, behavioural therapies, and arthritis medicines to treat this condition’s symptoms. 

Reactive arthritis (ReA): 

As mentioned, the name reactive arthritis indicates that an infectious reaction usually causes the condition. This condition progresses due to a bacterial infection in the urinary, genital, or digestive tract. The symptoms of this condition include inflammation in the eyes, urinary tract, or genitals. Every individual might not get these three symptoms simultaneously or combined. 

Septic arthritis (SA): 

Septic arthritis is a serious bacterial joint inflammation caused primarily by bacterial pathogens but occasionally by fungal, mycobacterial, viral, or other uncommon pathogens. This condition is usually monoarticular, involving one large joint, such as the hip or knee. However, this might be polyarticular, involving multiple joints in some cases. Septic arthritis is an orthopaedic emergency requiring immediate treatment to reduce morbidity and mortality. 

Arthritis in knee: 

Knee arthritis is a condition characterized by swelling, pain, and joint stiffness. It is commonly seen in the knees; knee arthritis affects the largest joints. Knee arthritis can be serious and debilitating. The knee joint is where the thigh-bone, shin-bone, and patella meet. 

Seronegative Arthritis:

 It is especially indicated for rheumatoid arthritis. A serology test usually gives results regarding the rheumatoid factor (RF) and citrullinated peptides (CCP). The significance of seronegative arthritis means that people with symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis test negative for RF and CCP in their blood.